Skip to Content

150 Million Year Old Dinosaur Fossil Challenges Everything We Know About Bird Evolution

Fujianvenator prodigiosus artists impression
Fujianvenator prodigiosus, a bird-like dinosaur discovered near Nanping in China, artists impression. Screenshot from Fujianvenator Prodigiosus: The Bird-like Dinosaur Discovery, Source: YouTube, Uploaded: Quickest News

Paleontologists are flocking to the recently discovered bird-like dinosaur fossil named Fujianvenator prodigiosus. Unearthed in 2022, this fossil revealed surprising details that turn previous ideas about early bird ancestors on its head. Researchers believe that around 150 million years ago, in what is now southeastern China, this spent its life grounded. Unlike its bird relatives, this dinosaur was better at sprinting or wading than flying.

The Discovery 

Fujianvenator prodigiosus fossil
Fujianvenator prodigiosus fossil found in Southern China. Screenshot from Fujianvenator – The First Bird-Like Dinosaur?, Source: YouTube, Uploaded: Raptor Chatter

This dinosaur is one of the oldest bird-like dinosaurs ever found! The fossil offers insights into the early stages of bird evolution. This young, bantam-sized, bird-like dinosaur became mired in a swamp in what is now southeastern China, 150 million years ago. Its age places it alongside the famous “first bird,” Archaeopteryx. I suppose birds of a feather age together too.

What’s With The Lanky Legs

Fujianvenator prodigiosus.
Fujianvenator prodigiosus skeletal reconstruction. Image by Red Natters, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

One of the most striking features of Fujianvenator prodigiosus is its odd appearance. It had long, slender legs that could put modern-day flamingos to shame. Unlike many other early bird-like creatures, it might actually have been an expert runner or swamp navigator. Researchers are still debating that one. But one thing is certain: this dinosaur wasn’t well-equipped for flying. It had shortened shoulder blades and fingers more specialized for grabbing. So what made the first bird decide to take to the skies?

Nomadic Life of Birds

Fujianvenator
Fujianvenator is an anchiornithid avialan from the Late Jurassic of China. Image by UnexpectedDinoLesson, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

While the Fujianvenator lacks many of the adaptations required for flight, it does share some characteristics with early birds. The specimen found lacks a skull and a fully developed tail, but its body and limbs exhibit a variety of characteristics shared by other dinosaurs that resembled birds, including variations in finger length and details in the pelvis and vertebrae. So like many health-driven moms, early bird-like dinosaurs were trying out a range of lifestyles. They just hadn’t found their niche yet.

The Puzzle of Early Bird Evolution

Evolution of limbs into wings
Evolution of limbs into wings. Image by Popular Science Monthly Volume 52, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Turns out humans weren’t the only ones late to flight! Previously, we thought that most bird-like dinosaurs from the Jurassic era were either already flying or busy developing the ability. But this fossil indicates that the predecessors of modern birds were performing a lot of other ecological functions. And the more we find the more complex it gets!

Unexpected Diversity

Scheme of Pelvis and Leg
Scheme of Pelvis and Leg from lateral of a bird (left), a dinosaur (middle) and a crocodile (right). Image by Joseph Smit, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

If I was a bird, flight would’ve been my first priority! But Paleontologists suggest some early birds had a different goal in mind. These birds adapted to different environments and used survival strategies that may have been more specialized than initially thought. From wading adaptations to running legs, these creatures tried and tested their evolutionary paths.

Filling Gaps in the Fossil Record

Close up of a fossil.
Close up of a fossil. Screenshot from Fujianvenator Prodigiosus: The Bird-like Dinosaur Discovery, Source: YouTube, Uploaded: Quickest News

Dinosaurs, as you may have guessed, weren’t the best record keepers. But fossil records for bird-like dinosaurs from the late Jurassic period are especially few and far between. This is because their hollow bones are fragile and rarely preserve well. It’s a shame bubble wrap wasn’t around back then! Thanks to Fujianvenator we no longer have to wing our understanding of early bird evolution. The fact that its location in a region that has not been studied before may mean more fossil-kept secrets could be unveiled. 

Shrek Approved Preservation

Wing of agornis dinosaur
Wing of agornis dinosaur. Screenshot from Fujianvenator – The First Bird-Like Dinosaur?, Source: YouTube, Uploaded: Raptor Chatter

A rare find usually has some unique terms and conditions. This discovery was no exception. Swampy environments like the one Fujianvenator was found in, are perfect for preservation. Since there’s no oxygen in the swamp, it helps to prevent decay. This was all the delicate bones of the dinosaur needed to fossilize. But if it wasn’t for nature’s intervention and a little bit of luck Fujianvenator surely would have vanished from history.

Rolling In The Deep: Swamp Edition

dinosaur
Flying across the Jurassic landscape. Image by Space_kraft via Depositphotos

Fujianvenator wasn’t the only swamp dweller around. Researchers dug up the water graves of fish, turtles, and other aquatic fossils alongside the dinosaur which they call the Zhenghe fauna. Before this, many believed bird ancestors lived primarily in open forested areas, but this evidence suggests that some early bird-like dinosaurs may have lived in wet, swampy environments. Who would’ve thought prehistoric birds were more like penguins? 

A Beacon of Hope

Archaeopteryx illustration
Archaeopteryx illustration. Image by UnexpectedDinoLesson, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The discovery also emphasizes how little we still know about this period in history. If Fujianvenator wasn’t discovered we’d still be early bird ableists believing all bird ancestors could fly. The Fujianvenator fossil represents the diversity of life during the Jurassic period. It shows each new fossil brings us closer to understanding the full picture.

More Chirps Below Ground

3D robotic version of feathery dinosaur
3D robotic version of the feathery dinosaur. Screenshot from Fujianvenator Prodigiosus: The Bird-like Dinosaur Discovery, Source: YouTube, Uploaded: Quickest News

Paleontologists believe that they’ve only barely left the nest in terms of early bird evolution. Fujianvenator is just one of many bird-like fossils waiting to be unearthed. As each new find brings us one step closer to uncovering bird ancestry, I do wonder why we didn’t bother growing wings ourselves. A mystery for the comments section!

In short 

Eudimorphodon flying reptiles
A flock of Eudimorphodon flying reptiles search for fish prey in the Triassic Era. Image via Depositphotos

Turns out the early days of bird evolution were way more wild and crazy than we thought. These dinosaurs weren’t just flying around; they were running, swimming, and doing all sorts of stuff. Fujianvenator prodigiosushas opened up new possibilities of what it means to be an avian dinosaur in the early Jurassic era. And who knows, maybe back then ostriches had the upper hand?

Unusual Fall Season For Almost All US States Predicted Spotting A Blue Jay May Be The Universe’s Way Of Telling You What You Need New York Rescue Duck Found Himself An Emotional Support Duck Spotting A Cougar May Be The Universe’s Way Of Telling You What You Need Do Bald Eagles Mate For Life?