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Do Dogs Dream? The Surprising Answer

Golden retriever dog sleeping
Golden retriever dog sleeping. Image by Diana Parkhouse via Unsplash

Dogs, like humans, experience dreams. Research shows that dogs enter a stage of sleep called rapid eye movement (REM), where brain activity mirrors wakefulness. This phase is when humans dream, making it likely for dogs too. Though we can’t ask dogs about their dreams, scientific evidence supports the idea that they do dream.

Brain Activity During Sleep

French Bulldog sleeping on a patio
French Bulldog sleeping on a patio. Image via Unsplash.

Dogs experience various stages of sleep, including non-REM and REM. During REM sleep, a dog’s brain shows patterns similar to when they are awake. This connection between REM sleep and dreaming in humans suggests that dogs likely dream as well. Researchers have been studying these sleep patterns in dogs for decades.

Similarities to Human Sleep

A sick dog
A sleeping dog cuddling with its toy. Image by damedeeso via Depositphotos

Dogs and humans share significant similarities in their sleep cycles. In fact, scientists have used dog brain activity to better understand human sleep disorders. The way a dog’s brain behaves during REM sleep is close to how the human brain operates during the dreaming phase, strengthening the belief that dogs dream.

Observable Dream Behavior

English Bulldog
English bulldog laying upside down on his back sleeping. Image via Depositphotos.

Many dog owners notice their pets twitching, barking, or running in their sleep. These movements happen during REM sleep. It’s thought that dogs are dreaming about events or activities they’ve experienced while awake, such as chasing a ball or running through the park. This behavior is an outward sign that dogs dream.

Dogs Dream About Daily Life

French bulldog Ruby Tuesday sleeping inside.
French bulldog Ruby Tuesday sleeping inside. Image by Zack Dowdy via Unsplash

Experts believe that dogs likely dream about their daily lives. Research has shown that animals often dream about familiar activities. For example, a study on rats revealed that their brain activity during REM sleep mirrored the patterns seen when they were running mazes. Dogs likely experience similar dreams about their routine adventures.

Dreaming and Smell

Cute dog Sherlock asleep
Cute dog Sherlock asleep. Image by Huma Kabakci via Unsplash

A dog’s dreams may be shaped by their powerful sense of smell. Dogs experience the world primarily through scent, with their noses containing millions of receptors. Smell plays such a central role in their waking life that it likely influences their dreams as well. A dog might dream of familiar smells from their home or favorite park.

Dream Research in Animals

Dog sleeping with its tongue out.
Dog sleeping with its tongue out. Image by Catrina Farrell via Unsplash

Animal dream research dates back to the 1960s when scientists studied cats. They found that cats with brain damage acted out their dreams, chasing invisible prey. This research set the stage for studies on dogs, leading to the conclusion that many animals, including dogs, dream during REM sleep.

Emotional Connections in Dreams

Boxer
Purebred golden puppy german boxer dog waking up from sleep. Image by donogl via depositphotos.com

Dogs are social animals with deep emotional bonds to their human companions. These bonds likely play a role in their dreams. It’s possible that dogs dream about interactions with their owners, recalling moments of affection, play, or even training. Dreaming could be a way for dogs to process their emotions and experiences.

Consciousness and Dreams

Sleeping dog on the couch.
Sleeping dog on the couch. Image by Alexis Antoine via Unsplash

Some scientists argue that dreaming is a sign of consciousness. If dogs dream, it suggests they have an inner world similar to humans. This idea has philosophical implications, raising questions about how we view animals. If dogs are conscious, it may lead to deeper moral and legal considerations about their treatment.

The Role of Memory

Pomeranian dog sleeping.
Pomeranian dog sleeping. Image by Joshua Chun via Unsplash

Just as human dreams often involve memories, dogs may dream about past events. Research indicates that animals use sleep to consolidate memories. When a dog dreams, it might be recalling something from earlier in the day, such as a walk or a meal. Dreams could serve as a way for dogs to organize and store information.

Why Dogs’ Dreams Matter

street dog
Dog sleeping on the street in the town of Pushkar, India. Image via OlegDoroshenko depositphotos.com

Understanding that dogs dream can deepen the bond between pets and their owners. Knowing that dogs experience dreams, just like humans, helps to humanize them. It encourages owners to think of their pets as beings with rich inner lives, rather than simply animals that eat, sleep, and play.

Conclusion

Dog sleeping in Indonesia
Dog sleeping in Indonesia. Image by photonblast via Unsplash

While we may never fully understand what dogs dream about, research strongly suggests that they do dream. From their brain activity during REM sleep to observable behaviors, dogs show many signs of dreaming. Knowing that dogs experience dreams can change how we view our furry companions, deepening our connection to them.

Latest posts by Jen Fitschen, BSc Computer Science and Oceanography (see all)