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How The Male Gharial Crocodile Uses Bubbles and Buzzes to Woo a Mate

Male Gharial
Male Gharial. Image by Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE, CC BY-SA 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Imagine a crocodile with a snout so long and thin that it looks like it’s been through a taffy pull. That’s the gharial, a prehistoric crocodilian that has been cruising rivers for over 40 million years. But this isn’t just any crocodile—male gharials sport a comical bump called a “ghara” on the end of their snout, turning them into bubble-blowing, buzzing Romeos when it’s time to woo a mate. Let’s dive into this critically endangered species’ fascinating and quirky world.

The Snout That Stole the Show

Portrait of a crocodile named Gharial with open mouth
Portrait of a crocodile named Gharial with open mouth. Image by prill via Depositphotos.

The gharial’s long, skinny snout isn’t just for show—it’s a finely tuned hunting tool. Packed with interlocking teeth, this snout helps gharials swipe at fish with impressive accuracy. But don’t expect them to chase prey on land; their legs are so weak that they can’t even walk properly, opting to slide around like a reptilian Slip ‘N Slide. That said, their snout has a dual purpose: it helps them eat and charm the ladies.

What’s With the Ghara?

Male Gharial with Ghara in its snout
Male Gharial with Ghara in its snout. Image by Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE, CC BY-SA 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Male gharials have a lightbulb-shaped lump at the end of their snout called a “ghara,” named after an Indian pot. This peculiar feature isn’t just ornamental—it’s a love instrument. The ghara partially covers the nostrils, amplifying the gharial’s vocalizations into a loud, buzzing sound. When paired with a flurry of bubbles, this sound becomes Gharial’s version of a romantic ballad, and it’s surprisingly effective.

Mating Season Shenanigans

Male Gharial
Male Gharial. Image by Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE, CC BY-SA 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

When a gharial male’s buzzing and bubble-blowing performance works its magic, he might attract several mates—gharials are polygamous, after all. Mating usually takes place in the cooler months of December and January. By spring, females dig nests and lay around 40 eggs. Interestingly, the temperature during incubation decides whether the babies will be boys or girls. After hatching, the tiny gharials stick close to their mom for weeks or even months, soaking up all the motherly care a prehistoric reptile can give.

Masters of Water but Not Land

Male gharial
Male gharial. Image by Charles J. Sharp, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Gharials are built for the water, and it shows. Their streamlined bodies and weak legs make them exceptional swimmers but clumsy movers on land. Instead of walking, they awkwardly belly-slide across the ground. It’s not graceful, but it gets the job done—barely. This adaptation makes them perfectly suited for river life, but it also means they’re highly vulnerable when out of the water.

From Abundance to Endangered

The gharial
The gharial. Image by Miropa via Depositphotos.

In the 1940s, gharials thrived along rivers from Pakistan to Myanmar, with 5,000 to 10,000 individuals in the wild. Today, habitat loss, overfishing, and hunting have pushed their numbers to critically endangered levels, with only about 650 mature individuals remaining. It’s a sobering drop, but conservation efforts have brought hope, with populations increasing from just 250 in 2006.

Saving a Prehistoric Wonder

Male gharial with its snout raised above.
Male gharial with its snout raised above. Image by Nikita ShreSha via Facebook.

Thanks to captive breeding, nest monitoring, and dedicated conservation work, the gharial has a fighting chance. Every egg hatched and every baby gharial nurtured is a step toward bringing this ancient crocodilian back from the brink. With their quirky charm and vital role in river ecosystems, gharials remind us of the importance of protecting even the oddest creatures in our natural world.

So, the next time you hear a strange buzz or see bubbles rising in a river, it might just be a gharial showing off its prehistoric flair. Who knew love songs and bubbles could be the key to saving a species?